Urinary tract infections (or UTIs) usually are caused by a bacterial infection that occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra, the opening that allows urine to be excreted. When bacterial populations are small, the body usually can fight them off and destroy them. But when there are a lot of bacteria, if your immune system is already compromised, or if you have an anatomical defect that makes it easier for bacteria to collect in your urinary tract, the bacteria can overwhelm your immune system response, allowing an infection to occur.

Without medical intervention, the bacteria can spread to other areas of the urinary tract where they can cause more serious problems, including kidney damage. While bacteria are the primary cause of UTIs, viruses, fungi, and even parasites also can cause infections. Seeing Dr. Suastegui at the first sign of a UTI is very important for preventing complications.